Obesity; According to the World Health Organization's statement, it is excessive body fat that has a negative effect on health. The body mass index (BMI) used in the calculation is obtained by dividing the weight of the person by the square of the height. According to this calculation, a person is considered underweight when the ratio is below 18.5, and obese when it is over 30. When the ratio exceeds 40, it is considered morbidly obese, that is, fatal obesity. Waist hip ratio is another method used to evaluate obesity. This ratio should be less than 1 in men and 0.85 in women. In this case, a waist circumference greater than 102 cm in men and greater than 88 cm in women can be considered as an indicator of obesity.
According to WHO data, obesity has tripled in the last 45 years. Currently, approximately 40% of the population over the age of 18 in the world is overweight and 13% is obese. The United States is currently the country with the highest rate of overweight or obesity over the age of 15. In the United States, 67% of the population is overweight or obese. The USA is followed by Iceland (65%), Finland (60%) and Czechia (58%). Turkey ranks 9th out of 28 countries. In Turkey, 56% of the population over the age of 15 is overweight or obese. The country with the lowest overweight or obese population is South Korea with 31%. Switzerland comes after South Korea with 42%. Obesity is more common in the female population. Obesity is particularly high among women with lower education levels. Denmark is the country with the lowest rate of overweight among 15-year-olds. Being overweight isn't just harmful to the body.
It has been determined that overweight people are less likely to find a job than normal weight people. Excess weight causes a condition in the body called metabolic syndrome. This syndrome is basically caused by insulin resistance. As a result, high blood pressure, high triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol and a disorder in blood sugar occur. Metabolic syndrome is a condition that increases a person's risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes. While an increased waist circumference increases insulin resistance, insulin resistance causes a thickening of the waist circumference. Therefore, the most important step to break this circle is to lose weight.
Being overweight is due to many reasons. In general, it is important that the calories expended are lower than the calories taken. Genetic predisposition, hormonal disorders or hormone treatments, some drugs and psychological disorders can cause obesity. A sedentary life will also facilitate this process.
Some surgical interventions are also recommended for people who cannot lose weight with diet and sports program. These can be gastric botox, gastric balloon application, gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. These options are decided according to the BMI of the person.
After losing weight, skin sagging and deformations in the body can sometimes be seen. In this case, plastic and aesthetic surgery enters the scene. Breast lift/reduction, abdominal, back, arm and leg stretching operations can be performed. Devices such as needle (morpheus8) or needle-free (forma fx or body) radiofrequency systems, cold lipolysis (crystal) can also be applied to people who do not need the operation or who cannot achieve the desired tightening with the operation.
The person should make the normal weight event a lifestyle. Constant weight loss and deadly diets are very harmful. It is very important to eat healthy foods with normal calories and make exercise a part of life.